Assalammualaikum, Sahabat... ^_^
At this time, I will share about Conjunction...
I took this essay from one of the tasks on my campus...
mohon koreksinya jika ada kesalahan... :)
Conjunction is a word that connects words, phrases or sentences to each other. A conjunction is like glue. It helps things to stick together. Frank Marcella said, the conjunctions are members of a small class that have no characteristic form. They function chiefly as nonmovable structure words that join such units as parts of speech, phrases, or clauses.
Types of conjunction :
1. Coordinate Conjunction
The simple, little conjunctions are called coordinate conjunction. The coordinate conjunction connect words, phrases, and clauses which are sentences. They connect things of equal value, this means that they would connect a noun with another noun or a prepositional phrase with another prepositional phrase, and they are easily remembered by the acronym FANBOYS :
a. For
“For” is used to show a relationship between thing or to introduce the reason for the preceding clause. When it is used to combine two sentences, we must put a comma before it.
E.g.
John thought he had a good chance to get the job, for his father was on the company’s board to trustees.
b. And
“And” connects things that are alike or joined together.
E.g.
She’s smart and pretty I think.
c. Nor
“Nor” means “not also”, and it used to offer a negative choice.
E.g.
I don’t want hamburger nor pizza.
d. But
“But” is used to connect things that are different or separated.
E.g.
This is a useful rule, but difficult to remember.
e. Or
“Or” is used to offering choices.
E.g.
You want money or prize?
f. Yet
“Yet” is used to show a change. When it is used to combine two sentences, we must put a comma before it.
E.g.
I want hamburger, yet I also want pizza.
g. So
“So” is used to show a relationship between things. When it is used to combine two sentences, we must put a comma before it. “So” also means “as well” or “in addition”.
E.g.
He is a vegetarian, so he doesn’t eat any meat.
2. Subordinating Conjunction
A subordinating conjunction introduces a dependent clause and indicates the nature of the relationship among the independent clause(s) and the dependent clause(s).
The most common subordinating conjunctions are
"after," "although," "as," "because," "before," "how," "if," "once," "since," "than," "that," "though," "till," "until," "when," "where," "whether," and "while”.
There are several different kinds of subordinating conjunctions :
a. Subordinating conjunctions expressing time : before, after, until, since, as.
E.g. The train had left before we reached the station.
b. Subordinating conjunctions of place
E.g. I shall go wherever I want to.
c. Subordinating conjunctions of purpose : that, in order that, lest.
E.g. We eat that we may live.
d. Subordinating conjunctions of reason : since, because, as.
E.g. He went to bed because he was tired.
e. Subordinating conjunctions of result or consequence
E.g. It was so hot that we couldn’t go out.
f. Subordinating conjunction of condition : if, unless, as if.
E.g. I will go abroad if I get a good job.
g. Subordinating conjunctions of concession or contrast : even if, although.
E.g. Although he works hard he doesn’t earn much.
h. Subordinating conjunctions of comparison : than, as-as.
E.g. He is taller than I am.
3. Corrrelative Conjunction
Some conjunctions combine with other words to form what are called correlative conjunctions. They always travel in pairs, joining various sentence elements that should be treated as grammatically equal. Below are some common correlative conjunctions :
Both…and
Not only…but also
Not…but
Either…or
Neither…nor
Wheter…or
As…as
Example : She got the perfect score in
not only English
but also math.
4. Conjunctive Adverbs
The conjunctive adverbs are used to create complex relationships between ideas, such as however, moreover, nevertheless, consequently, as a result.
Example :
The worker came late; consequently, his salary for the next moth will be cut.
References :
Frank, Marcella.1972. Modern English a Practical Reference Guide. New Jersey : Prentice Hall, Inc.
Wison, E. George dan Julia M. Burks. 1980. Let’s Write English Revised Edition. New York : Litton Educational Publishing.
Hasibuan, M. Novi dan Yudhie I. Gunawan. Writing 1. Tangerang : TengSaw Production.
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conjunctions.htm
http://www.csus.edu/owl/index/sent/fanboys.htm
http://www.englishpractice.com/improve/subordinating-conjunctions/
http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-contoh-kalimat-adverbial-conjunction
http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/words/conjunctions
Semoga bermanfaat, wassalammualaikum.. ^_^
